EXPLAINER: Revisiting the international humanitarian law, rights violations, and armed conflict in the Philippines
The responsibility to observe IHL lies in the Philippine government because they are the duty-bearers. In the human rights framework, the duty-bearers are accountable to the people and have the responsibility to respect, protect, and fulfill human rights. Rights violations committed by the state can be classified into two: [1] Commission as direct violators, and [2] Omission which is more similar to state neglect.